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academy biomed/[P08] Human Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), 50% glycerol/1.0 mg/20P-L101
![academy biomed/[P08] Human Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), 50% glycerol/1.0 mg/20P-L101](https://www.ebiomall.cn/images/academybiomed/P08_300x300.jpg)
| Concentration: | 1 mg / ml, determined by the Lowry method |
| Source: | From fresh human plasma that has tested negative for Hepatitis C, HIV-I and HIV-II antibodies as well as Hepatitis surface antigens. |
| Purification: | After series ultracentrifugation, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) is isolated from human plasma (Density: 1.063). |
| Purity: | ≥ 98% by SDS-PAGE |
| Buffer: | 20 mM Tris-HCl, 140 mM NaCl, 0.02% NaN3, 0.5 mM EDTA, pH 7.4; Preserved with 50 % glycerol. |
| Storage: | -20°C for long-term storage, 4°C for short- term storage. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. |
Importance
The process of LDL formation begins when intrahepatic cholesterol is repackaged by the liver into VLDL (Very Low-density lipoprotein). VLDL then enters the circulation and is converted by lipoprotein lipase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) into more cholesterolenriched species, first IDL (Intermediate-density lipoprotein) and then LDL (Wadhera et al., 2015).
Circulating LDL particles are able to penetrate the endothelium of arterial walls and become oxidized, promote inflammation, and drive injury to the overlying endothelium and surrounding smooth muscle cells (Ross, 1999).
Ross, R. “Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease.” American Heart J. 138 (1999): S419–S420.
Wadhera, Rishi K., Dylan L. Steen, Irfan Khan, Robert P. Giugliano, and Joanne M. Foody. "A Review of Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Treatment Strategies, and Its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality." Journal of Clinical Lipidology (2015).
Citations
| [P08] | 2018 | Lutomski, Corinne A.; Gordon, Scott M.; Remaley, Alan T.; Jarrold, Martin F. (2018): Resolution of Lipoprotein Subclasses by Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry. In Anal. Chem. 90 (11), pp. 6353–6356. DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01127. |
| [P08] | 2017 | Grönwall, Caroline; Amara, Khaled; Hardt, Uta; Krishnamurthy, Akilan; Steen, Johanna; Engström, Marianne et al. (2017): Autoreactivity to malondialdehyde-modifications in rheumatoid arthritis is linked to disease activity and synovial pathogenesis. In Journal of autoimmunity 84, pp. 29–45. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.06.004. |
| [P08] | 2017 | Yang, Tzu-Ching; Chang, Po-Yuan; Kuo, Tzu-Ling; Lu, Shao-Chun (2017): Electronegative L5-LDL induces the production of G-CSF and GM-CSF in human macrophages through LOX-1 involving NF-κB and ERK2 activation. In Atherosclerosis 267, pp. 1–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.10.016. |
| [P08] | 2014 | Braesch-Andersen, Sten; Beckman, Lena; Paulie, Staffan; Kumagai-Braesch, Makiko (2014): ApoD mediates binding of HDL to LDL and to growing T24 carcinoma. In PLoS ONE 9 (12), e115180. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115180. |
| [P08] | 2006 | Feng, Qi; Chai, Chou; Jiang, Xue-Song; Leong, Kam W.; Mao, Hai-Quan (2006): Expansion of engrafting human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in three-dimensional scaffolds with surface-immobilized fibronectin. In Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A 78 (4), pp. 781–791. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30829. |
| [P08] | 2006 | Jiang, Xue-Song; Chai, Chou; Zhang, Yue; Zhuo, Ren-Xi; Mao, Hai-Quan; Leong, Kam W. (2006): Surface-immobilization of adhesion peptides on substrate for ex vivo expansion of cryopreserved umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells. In Biomaterials 27 (13), pp. 2723–2732. DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.12.001. |
| [P08] | 2006 | Zhang, Yue; Chai, Chou; Jiang, Xue-Song; Teoh, Swee-Hin; Leong, Kam W. (2006): Co-culture of umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells with human mesenchymal stem cells. In Tissue engineering 12 (8), pp. 2161–2170. DOI: 10.1089/ten.2006.12.2161. |
